Conservation Areas
Tiger Reserves:
Project Tiger was launched by the Government of India in the year 1973 to save the endangered species of tiger in the country. Starting from nine (9) reserves in 1973-74 the number is grown up to thirty nine (39) in 2009. A total area of 49,112 km2 is covered by these project tiger areas, which is 1.49 % of the total geographical area of the country.
Project Tiger Reserves of India
|
S.No.
|
Name of PTR
|
State
|
Year of Establ.
|
Total Area (sq.km.)
|
|
1
|
Achanakmar
|
Chhattishgarh
|
2009
|
553.286
|
|
2
|
Annamalai-Parambikulam
|
Tamil Nadu & Kerala
|
2007
|
1410
|
|
3
|
Bandhavgarh
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1993-94
|
1161.471
|
|
4
|
Bandipur
|
Karnataka
|
1973-74
|
880
|
|
|
Nagarhole Extension
|
Karnataka
|
1999-2000
|
643.39
|
|
5
|
Bhadra
|
Karnataka
|
1998-99
|
451.69
|
|
6
|
Bori-Satpura
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1999-2000
|
1486
|
|
7
|
Buxa
|
West Bengal
|
1982-83
|
760.92
|
|
8
|
Corbett
|
Uttarakhand
|
1973-74
|
1318.54
|
|
9
|
Dampa
|
Mizoram
|
1994-95
|
500
|
|
10
|
Dandeli-Anshi
|
Karnataka
|
2007
|
875
|
|
11
|
Dudhwa
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
1987-88
|
883.739
|
|
|
Katerniaghat Extension
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
1999-2000
|
551
|
|
12
|
Indravati
|
Chhattishgarh
|
1982-83
|
2799.086
|
|
13
|
Kalakad-Mundathurai
|
Tamil Nadu
|
1988-89
|
895
|
|
14
|
Kanha
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1973-74
|
1945
|
|
15
|
Kaziranga
|
Assam
|
2006
|
859
|
|
16
|
Manas
|
Assam
|
1973-74
|
2837
|
|
17
|
Melghat
|
Maharashtra
|
1973-74
|
1676.49
|
|
18
|
Mudumalai
|
Tamil Nadu
|
2007
|
321
|
|
19
|
Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
1982-83
|
3568.09
|
|
20
|
Namdapha
|
Arunachal Pradesh
|
1982-83
|
1985.245
|
|
21
|
Pakhui-Nameri
|
Arunachal Pradesh-Assam
|
1999-2000
|
1206
|
|
22
|
Palamau
|
Jharkhand
|
1973-74
|
1026
|
|
23
|
Panna
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1994-95
|
542.67
|
|
24
|
Pilibhit *
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
2008
|
1079
|
|
25
|
Pench (Maharashtra)
|
Maharashtra
|
1992-93
|
664.3
|
|
26
|
Pench (M.P.)
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1992-93
|
757.86
|
|
27
|
Periyar
|
Kerala
|
1978-79
|
777
|
|
28
|
Ranthambhore
|
Rajasthan
|
1973-74
|
1334.64
|
|
29
|
Ratapani *
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
2008-09
|
674
|
|
30
|
Shahyadri *
|
Maharashtra
|
2008-09
|
741.22
|
|
31
|
Sanjay-Sanjay Dubri
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
2008
|
831
|
|
32
|
Sariska
|
Rajasthan
|
1978-79
|
866
|
|
33
|
Satkosia
|
Orissa
|
2007
|
964
|
|
34
|
Simlipal
|
Orissa
|
1973-74
|
2750
|
|
35
|
Sitanadi-Udanti
|
Chhattishgarh
|
2008
|
1580
|
|
36
|
Sunabeda *
|
Orissa
|
2008
|
956.17
|
|
37
|
Sunderbans
|
West Bengal
|
1973-74
|
2585
|
|
38
|
Tadoba-Andhari
|
Maharashtra
|
1993-94
|
575.78
|
|
39
|
Valmiki
|
Bihar
|
1989-90
|
840.26
|
|
|
|
|
|
49,112
|
Biosphere Reserves:
The programme of Biosphere Reserve was initiated under the 'Man & Biosphere' (MAB) programme by UNESCO in 1971. The purpose of the formation of the biosphere reserve is to conserve in situ all forms of life, along with its support system, in its totality, so that it could serve as a referral system for monitoring and evaluating changes in natural ecosystems. The first biosphere reserve of the world was established in 1979, since then the network of biosphere reserves has increased to 564 in 109 countries across the world (MAB, 2010). Presently, there are 15 existing biosphere reserves in India.
Biosphere Reserves in India
|
S. No.
|
Name
|
Date of
Notification
|
Area (in km2)
|
Location (State)
|
|
1
|
Achanakamar - Amarkantak
|
2005
|
3835.51
(Core 551.55 & Buffer 3283.86)
|
Covers parts of Anupur and Dindori districts of M.P. and parts of Bilaspur districts of Chhattishgarh State.
|
|
2
|
Agasthyamalai
|
12.11.2001
|
1828
|
Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries and their adjoining areas in Kerala.
|
|
3
|
Dehang-Dibang
|
02.09.98
|
5111.50
(Core 4094.80 & Buffer 1016.70)
|
Part of Siang and Dibang Valley in Arunachal Pradesh.
|
|
4
|
Dibru-Saikhowa
|
28.07.97
|
765
(Core 340 & Buffer 425)
|
Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia Districts (Assam)
|
|
5
|
Great Nicobar
|
06.01.89
|
885 (Core 705 & Buffer 180)
|
Southern most islands of Andaman And Nicobar (A&N Islands).
|
|
6
|
Gulf of Mannar
|
18.02.89
|
10,500 km2
Total Gulf area
(area of Islands 5.55 km2)
|
Indian part of Gulf of Mannar between India and Sri Lanka (Tamil Nadu).
|
|
7
|
Kachchh
|
29.01.2008
|
12,454 km2
|
Part of Kachchh, Rajkot, Surendra Nagar and Patan Civil Districts of Gujarat State
|
|
8
|
Khangchendzonga
|
07.02.2000
|
2619.92
(Core 1819.34 & Buffer 835.92)
|
Parts of Khangchendzonga hills and Sikkim.
|
|
9
|
Manas
|
14.03.89
|
2837
(Core 391 & Buffer 2,446)
|
Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamprup and Darang districts (Assam)
|
|
10
|
Nanda Devi
|
18.01.88
|
5860.69
(Core 712.12, Buffer 5,148.570) & T. 546.34)
|
Part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh, and Bageshwar districts (Uttarakhand).
|
|
11
|
Nilgiri
|
01.09.86
|
5520
(Core 1240 & Buffer 4280)
|
Part of Wayanad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Madumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley and Siruvani hills (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka).
|
|
12
|
Nokrek
|
01.09.88
|
820
(Core 47.48 & Buffer 227.92, Transition Zone 544.60)
|
Part of Garo hills (Meghalaya).
|
|
13
|
Pachmarhi
|
03.03.99
|
4926
|
Parts of Betul, Hoshangabad and Chindwara districts of Madhya Pradesh.
|
|
14
|
Simlipal
|
21.06.94
|
4374
(Core 845, Buffer 2129 & Transition 1400
|
Part of Mayurbhanj district (Orissa).
|
|
15
|
Sunderbans
|
29.03.89
|
9630
(Core 1700 & Buffer 7900)
|
Part of delta of Ganges and Brahamaputra river system
(West Bengal).
|